Describe the ways that proteins of the plasma membrane allow a cell to control its internal environment or interact with its external environment
Carrier proteins and channels help control the cell's internal environment by allowing specific materials to enter the cell. Anchoring proteins connect the cell's cytoskeleton to extracellular proteins or to other cells. Recognition proteins allow immune cells to identify the cell. Receptor proteins allow the cell to respond to external signals such as hormones. Finally, enzymes can carry out chemical reactions inside or outside the cell, depending on which face of the membrane they are attached to.
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Identify the structure labeled #5, a component of triglycerides, which is comprised of long chains of carbon atoms with attached hydrogen atoms that end in a carboxyl group.
A) glycerol
B) monosaccharide
C) amino acid
D) nucleotide
E) fatty acid
Transducin
a. activates adenylyl cyclase resulting in the formation of cAMP. b. activated calcium-activated channels leading to depolarization of the receptor cell. c. activates the messenger pathway leading to an increase in cGMP. d. is found in the inner segment of photoreceptor cells. e. is a G-protein.
Due to the contraction of smooth muscle in the walls of the dermal blood vessels,
A. body temperature tends to drop in that area. B. body heat is conserved. C. more blood flows to the skin. D. more blood enters into the heart. E. the blood vessels become dilated.
A buffer will
A. enhance changes in the pH of the solutions. B. make a solution more acidic. C. make a solution more basic. D. have no effect on the pH of the solutions. E. resist drastic changes in the pH of the solutions.