A hospital manager reviews charting to determine what kind of oral care patients have actually been receiving, who has been delivering the oral care, and oral care's relationship with infection of all sources
This study could be which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
a. Prospective
b. Retrospective
c. Correlational
d. Descriptive
e. Quasi-experimental
ANS: B, C, D
In retrospective studies, both the proposed cause and the proposed effect have already occurred. In a prospective cohort study, causes may have occurred, but the proposed effect has not. When both cause and effect have occurred prior to the initiation of the study, the research is referred to as non-interventional: the researcher did nothing to the research subjects. Descriptive and correlational designs examine variables in natural environments, such as home, and do not include researcher-designed treatments or interventions. Quasi-experimental and experimental designs examine the effects of an intervention by comparing differences between groups that have received the intervention and those that have not received the intervention. Retrospective research examines data collected in the past, typified by review of medical records. Retrospective research may be either correlational or descriptive in nature.
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The nurse is providing care to a client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which clinical manifestations indicate the client's perfusion is affected?
Select all that apply. A) Bounding pulse B) Pink nail beds C) Acrocyanosis D) Confusion E) Wheezing
Establishing clear criteria for sample eligibility is done to
a. improve studies by enhancing precision in sample selection. b. make sure no relevant populations are excluded. c. increase the sample size. d. decrease the sample size.
The initial nursing action for a newly admitted anxious client is to
A. assess the client's use of defense mechanisms. B. assess the client's level of anxiety. C. limit environmental stimuli. D. provide antianxiety medication.
The nursing assistant should never open a surgically-inserted tube or drain or remove a dressing.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)