Match the below example with the correct research tool.

Question

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services wanted to evaluate whether a stop-smoking program would lower the government’s costs in providing insurance. A random group of Medicare beneficiaries were selected for a pilot program. Some of that group was randomly chosen to receive a stop-smoking pamphlet, while the others received a free stop-smoking program. After two years, the agency compared the amount of money spent on medical care for each group.
b. A university psychology department invited students to participate in a study about groupthink in the lab. By a flip of a coin, students were assigned to either receive written information, and then answer a survey, or talk about the information with other students and then take the survey.
c. A student surveyed members of the American Political Science Association. She did not have enough resources to survey all the members, so she sent her questionnaire to 100 members chosen by chance.
d. A study examined several predictors of dropping out of high school by comparing students who did not graduate with those who stayed in school of the same race, gender, and age.

= Randomized experiment on a random sample
= Random assignment
= Random sampling
= Matching

Answer 1

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services wanted to evaluate whether a stop-smoking program would lower the government’s costs in providing insurance. A random group of Medicare beneficiaries were selected for a pilot program. Some of that group was randomly chosen to receive a stop-smoking pamphlet, while the others received a free stop-smoking program. After two years, the agency compared the amount of money spent on medical care for each group. = Randomized experiment on a random sample

b. A university psychology department invited students to participate in a study about groupthink in the lab. By a flip of a coin, students were assigned to either receive written information, and then answer a survey, or talk about the information with other students and then take the survey. = Random assignment

c. A student surveyed members of the American Political Science Association. She did not have enough resources to survey all the members, so she sent her questionnaire to 100 members chosen by chance. = Random sampling

d. A study examined several predictors of dropping out of high school by comparing students who did not graduate with those who stayed in school of the same race, gender, and age. = Matching