In labeling theory, "secondary deviance" is used to refer to crimes that:

a. Occur as the result of other social problems, such as poverty and racism
b. Occur as a result of an individual having been caught and labeled
c. Have traditionally been overlooked by criminologists
d. Are nonviolent, such as theft and vandalism


b. Occur as a result of an individual having been caught and labeled

Criminal Justice

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The density of liquids is ________ the density of gases

a. Less than b. The same as c. Greater than d. None of the above

Criminal Justice

The roots of African Americans can be traced back to?

a. Western or interior Africa b. Asia c. Eastern Africa d. China

Criminal Justice

Differential association theory holds that people learn criminal attitudes and behavior during their adolescence from close, trusted friends or relatives.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)

Criminal Justice

The FBI's annual Crime in the United States: Uniform Crime Reports is based on data from

a. victimization surveys. b. reports by jails and prisons. c. self-report surveys. d. police crime reports.

Criminal Justice