Detail the life cycle of an erythrocyte, including: (1) specific cells from which they are derived, (2) site of development, (3) name and source of chemicals that stimulate their production, and (4) length of life span and why this life span is limited
What will be an ideal response?
Pluripotent stem cells within bone marrow differentiate into myeloid stem cells, which differentiate into erythrocyte precursor, including reticulocytes that then differentiate to become erythrocytes. In response to decreasing blood O2 levels, the kidneys release a hormone, erythropoietin, into the blood that stimulates undifferentiated stem cells to become RBCs. Since RBC precursors lose their nuclei and various organelles, the RBCs cannot replace worn-out proteins and other vital cell components; consequently, their life span is only about 120 days.
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The principal enzyme for breaking down carbohydrates is ________
Fill in the blanks with correct word
The structures of the inner ear bend with movement of the head in response to gravity. This is called _________ __________
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
The embryonic membrane that completely encloses the embryo in a watery sac is the ________.
A. ectodermal sac B. chorion C. allantois D. yolk sac E. amnion
Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the rectus abdominis muscle or rectus sheath?
A) The linea alba separates (lies in the midline between) the two rectus muscles. B) The attachments (tendinous insertions) between the muscle and the anterior layer of sheath account for the abdominal definition (ripples) evident when muscular individuals tense this muscle. C) The posterior layer of the sheath is composed of the aponeuroses of the internal oblique and the transversalis fascia throughout the extent of the sheath. D) The external oblique aponeurosis contributes to the anterior wall of the sheath throughout the craniocaudal extent of the sheath. E) Transverse surgical incisions can be made in this muscle without resulting in muscle fiber necrosis.