Identify and briefly describe the two basic demand forecasting situations in transportation planning.
What will be an ideal response?
There are two basic demand forecasting situations in transportation
planning. The first involves travel demand studies for urban areas, and the second
deals with intercity travel demand. The urban travel demand forecasts, when first
developed in the 1950s and 1960s, required that extensive data sets be prepared
using home interview and/or roadside interview surveys. The information
gathered provided useful insight concerning the characteristics of the trip maker,
such as age, sex, income, auto ownership, the land-use at each end of the trip, and
the mode of travel. Today much of this information can be obtained through U.S.
Census Bureau transportation planning products and from privately assembled
data sets, in addition to the approaches used since the advent of urban travel
forecasting.
In the intercity case, travel patterns are forecast between two cities or
metropolitan areas. Such data generally are aggregated to a greater extent than for
urban travel forecasting, such as city population, average city income, and travel
time or travel cost between city pairs.
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