Identify the three criteria that must be met before a researcher has evidence of a causal relationship.

What will be an ideal response?


A strong answer will include the following: association, temporal ordering, lack of spurious relationship

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Frames of reference are useful tools as a means of guiding theories that explain relationships between variables

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

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______ are non-confining residential facilities for adjudicated adults or juveniles that are utilized as alternatives who are not appropriate for probation and/or who need a period of readjustment after imprisonment.

A. Community business treatment centers B. Combating residential treatment centers C. Containment residential treatment centers D. Community residential treatment centers

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Carlos has lost his job and his wife has left him. He is despondent and angry at the world. After drinking a bottle of tequila, Carlos obtains a rifle and goes to the local shopping mall. He begins shooting randomly at the shoppers

After ten shots he runs out of ammunition and is subdued by a security guard. Several persons have been injured by his gunshots but only one, a 50-year-old woman, dies from the wounds. Under Texas law, the most serious offense Carlos has committed: A) manslaughter. B) criminally negligent homicide. C) murder. D) capital murder.

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State terrorism, whether internal (against its own people or dissenters) or external (using or funding outside terrorist groups or individuals), offers a real threat to international stability and security

a. True b. False

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