Social science research has documented that
a. spanking is more effective than noncorporal punishment.
b. long-term side effects of spanking include increased risk of delinquency and criminal behavior.
c. all Western countries allow spanking.
d. fewer than 10% of parents continue hitting children after the age of 12.
b
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Racially segregated railroad cars, churches, cemeteries, schools, and hospitals are examples of
a. Jim Crow laws. b. only prejudice. c. isolate discrimination. d. contemporary ethnic framing.
Immigrants comprised ______ of the union armed forces.
A. 13% B. 33% C. 43% D. 73%
By "gender-based slavery," conflict theorist Engels was referring to a. the use of female slaves to breastfeed the children of their owners
b. the division of labor among slaves, in which the males worked in the fields and females performed domestic chores for their owners. c. the division of labor in capitalism in which women do labor for which they receive neither income nor status while men leave the home to earn an income. d. the practice of selling females into prostitution.
The race of a criminal offender is found to determine the frequency with which capital punishment is administered. In this example, the frequency with which capital punishment is administered would be considered the
A. independent variable. B. dependent variable. C. index. D. hypothesis.