The parents of a child with acid-base imbalance ask the nurse about mechanisms that regulate acid-base balance. Which statement by the nurse accurately explains the mechanisms regulating acid-base balance in children?
a. The respiratory, renal, and chemical-buffering systems
b. The kidneys balance acid; the lungs balance base
c. The cardiovascular and integumentary systems
d. The skin, kidney, and endocrine systems
A
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A The acid-base system is regulated by chemical buffering, respiratory control of
carbon dioxide, and renal regulation of bicarbonate and secretion of hydrogen
ions.
B Both the kidneys and the lungs, along with the buffering system, contribute to
acid-base balance. Neither system regulates acid or base balances exclusively.
C The cardiovascular and integumentary systems are not part of acid-base
regulation in the body.
D Chemical buffers, the lungs, and the kidneys work together to keep the blood pH
within normal range.
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