MS is associated with scattered, patchy demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). What does myelin do? What is demyelination?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Myelin is the insulating layer that covers nerves and provides protection for them. Demyelination occurswhen this protective layer is damaged or is worn away leaving the nerves unprotected which eventually causes deterioration of the underlying nerve.
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The nurse understands that the type of exercise that is most useful for strengthening larger muscle groups such as abdominals, gluteals, and quadriceps, and for endurance training is:
1. Aerobic 2. Isotonic 3. Resistive 4. Isometric
A patient who has received some traumatic
news is panicking and asks for some medication to help settle down. The nurse anticipates giving which drug that is most appropriate for this situation? a. Diazepam (Valium) b. Zolpidem (Ambien) c. Phenobarbital d. Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
The perinatal nurse explains the cardiopulmonary adaptations that occur in the neonate to a student nurse. Which one of the following statements accurately describes the sequence of these changes?
A) As air enters the lungs, the PO2 rises in the alveoli, which causes pulmonary artery relaxation and results in an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance. B) As the pulmonary vascular resistance increases, pulmonary blood flow increases, reaching 100% by the first 24 hours of life C) Decreased pulmonary blood volume contributes to the conversion from fetal to newborn circulation D) Once the pulmonary circulation has been functionally established, blood is distributed throughout the lungs.
The patient chart reveals several past behaviors associated with substance use. Using your knowledge of tolerance, what assessment would occur for a person who develops tolerance to achieve the desired euphoric effect?
A) Physical and psychological symptoms that appear when a substance is used in maintenance doses. B) Physical and psychological symptoms that appear when a substance is no longer used. C) Individual needs higher doses or alcohol of illicit substances. D) Individual shows dependence on and abuse of substances.