Mack and Rock (1998) asked participants to maintain fixation on a central point. They then saw a large cross somewhere in the parafoveal region. The participants' task was to determine if the horizontal or vertical lines of the cross were larger. The researchers found that ______.
A. reaction time in the task slowed when the horizontal lines and vertical lines were not perpendicular to each other
B. reaction time was faster when the stimuli were presented more dimly than when the stimuli were presented more brightly
C. attention to the horizontal lines inhibited perception of the vertical lines
D. a majority of the participants did not report seeing an introduced diamond, even though it was presented in the fovea
Answer: D
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A) is the one the investigator expects to be influenced by another variable
B) is the one the investigator expects to cause changes in another variable
C) cannot be manipulated or controlled by the researcher
D) is the number that describes how two measures are associated with each other