Which of the following interpretations is acceptable as worded?
a. The study proved that cigarette smoking causes lung cancer. Financial incentives must be offered by insurance companies to all persons who cease smoking.
b. Findings suggest that antihypertensives influence both length and quality of life, and that their use is more beneficial than formerly realized.
c. The positive correlation between owning a dog who demands to be walked daily and the owner's cardiovascular health indicates that all people should own dogs.
d. Results imply that all humans who use amphetamines will have shortened life spans, and patient teaching needs to include this vital information.
ANS: B
Implications of research findings for nursing are the meanings of the conclusions for the body of nursing knowledge, theory, and practice. Implications for practices are often based, in part, on whether treatment decisions or outcomes would be different in view of the study findings. The study implications provide specific suggestions for implementing the findings in practice. Even when the results are significant and in keeping with those predicted by the researcher, the researcher must consider alternative explanations for the positive findings and cannot use the word "should" or its synonyms. One study does not "prove" that smoking causes lung cancer. A correlational study merely provides evidence of association.
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