Pheromone signaling differs from paracrine, hormone, and neurotransmitter signaling as only the pheromone
a. targets an individual other than the one that produced it.
b. is produced by a gland.
c. acts rapidly, producing an effect within minutes.
d. can dissolve in water, and thus be carried by either the blood or the extracellular fluid.
e. can produce a change in behavior.
A; By definition, pheromones are secreted and received by other individuals of the same species. All the signals in the question are produced by glands (choice b). While pheromones have a rapid effect, so do neurotransmitters and many hormones (choice c). Most hormones are water soluble (choice d). Neurotransmitters are specifically designed to produce a rapid change in behavior, but all types of signals can have some effect on the behavior of an organism.
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