Which one of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between comprehension monitoring and academic achievement?
a. High achievers automatically know whether they understand something, so they don't need to monitor their comprehension.
b. High achievers are more likely to monitor their comprehension of class material than low achievers.
c. Low achievers are more likely to ask their teacher for assistance when they don't understand something.
d. Low achievers are more likely to be worried about their grades, so they monitor their comprehension frequently.
b
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Children are most successful in learning when:
a. the environment is controlled b. teachers structure tasks and teach to the average c. teachers provide play and learning materials slightly beyond children's skill level d. they become self-managed
What is the first procedure of task analysis?
a. Break the goal into a series of smaller steps. b. Teach the first step of the task. c. Put the steps of the task into a sequence. d. Set a learning goal. e. None of these
Which of the following best describes the role of culture on development?
A. Culture does not influence development; development is a universal process that everyone experiences in the same way. B. Culture influences the way children experience the world; different behaviors may be more or less adaptive for the child depending on their cultural context. C. Culture has minimal influence on development; only in cases of extreme cultural enmeshment does it truly influence a child's developmental path. D. Culture outweighs biology in a child's development; children will develop completely differently depending on their cultural context.
Tolman was interested in examining the role of expectations in behavior. Which one of the following statements most accurately describes the method he used to study expectations?
a. He never reinforced any given response in the same way twice. b. He reinforced a response the same way for several trials, then abruptly changed the type or amount of reinforcement. c. He asked subjects what they were expecting a particular response to accomplish. d. He gave his subjects a lengthy survey that included two or three questions concerning their expectations about the experiment.