Katarina has the conviction that she can do what she sets out to do, whether it is mastering a new skill or reaching her goal of becoming a U.S. citizen. Psychologists call this feeling of competence:

Traits must be extreme and obvious to create a halo effect.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)

Though no longer used, the word schizophrenogenic was first proposed in the 1940s to describe

A. an abusive and alcoholic father whose child became schizophrenic. B. an emotionally distant mother whose child became schizophrenic. C. divorced parents who had several psychotic children. D. a family in which relatives on both sides were psychotic.

Lyette has recently given birth to her first child. She decides

to start playing classical music near the baby's crib at night so that the child will develop greater intelligence. Which of the following may be an explanation for why such strategies appear to have some impact on the developing child? A) These strategies are like "vegetables for the brain," and impact virtually every area of brain growth and development. This is why it is a good idea to play classical music for a child even before (s)he is born. B) These strategies impact the use of echoic memory, which is distinctly tied to the ability to boost intellectual growth. C) These strategies boost the activity of the temporal lobes, which are responsible for both hearing and intellectual development. Therefore, long-term intelligence improvement is likely to occur. D) These strategies boost short-term arousal, which may help performance on mentally demanding tasks for a brief period of time; however, there is no evidence that they will impact long-term intelligence.

A step-by-step procedure that a person can follow to arrive at a solution to a particular problem is called a(n) __________

a. goal state b. mental set c. heuristic d. algorithm