Explain why the temperature change of coolant water in once-through cooling depends on the rate at which water is pumped through the condensers
What will be an ideal response?
The amount of energy transferred to the water is, by definition of specific heat
(Ch. 7), (water mass) x (specific heat) x (temperature change). Now, a certain amount of
energy is transferred to the water per unit of time. This is the power involved. A pump can
move so much water in a given amount of time (the pump's water transfer rate is measured
in cubic meters per second). The water mass per unit time is the density times the water
transfer rate. Thus, for a fixed power output to the environment, we have
power = (water mass per unit time) x (specific heat) x (temperature change).
The specific heat is fixed. The greater the water transfer rate, the smaller the temperature
change and vice versa.
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How can we best observe the Sun's chromosphere and corona?
A) The chromosphere is best observed with ultraviolet telescopes and the corona is best observed with X-ray telescopes. B) The chromosphere is best observed with infrared telescopes and the corona is best observed with ultraviolet telescopes. C) The chromosphere and corona are both best studied with visible light. D) The chromosphere and corona are both best studied with radio telescopes.
What observational evidence suggests that the centers of quasars are small, about a fraction of a light-year?
A. photographs of quasars B. the fact that quasars are so distant, and therefore are very young C. They emit radiation over a very wide range of wavelengths D. The intensity of their radiation fluctuates over periods of months E. All of these choices are correct.
Which of the fundamental interactions governs the following decay? 
A. Strong nuclear B. Electromagnetic C. Gravitational D. Weak nuclear
Two different gases may have the same emission line spectrum
Indicate whether the statement is true or false