Which local anesthetic agent would be considered for use first due to its lower rate of adverse effects?

1. Tetracaine (Pontocaine)
2. Procaine (Novocain)
3. Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
4. Chloroprocaine (Nesacaine)


3
Rationale 1: Tetracaine (Pontocaine) is classified as an ester, which has more side effects than an amide.
Rationale 2: Procaine (Novocain) is classified as an ester, which has more side effects than an amide.
Rationale 3: Lidocaine is classified as an amide, and amides produce fewer side effects than do esters.
Rationale 4: Chloroprocaine (Nesacaine) is classified as an ester, which has more side effects than an amide.
Global Rationale: All except lidocaine are classified as esters. Lidocaine is classified as an amide, and amides produce fewer side effects than do esters.

Nursing

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