A microbiologist wants to estimate the concentration of a certain type of bacterium in a waste-water sample. She puts a 0.5 mL sample of the wastewater on a microscope slide and counts 39 bacteria. Estimate the concentration of bacteria, per mL, in this wastewater, and find the uncertainty in the estimate.
What will be an ideal response?
Let X represent the number of bacteria observed in 0.5 mL. Let 
represent the true concentration in bacteria per mL. Then 
The observed value of X is 39. The estimated concentration is 
. The uncertainty is
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