A nurse presents at a conference about the concept of sleep. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
A) "Increased sleep efficiency is considered a normal, age-related change."
B) "Sleep efficiency is quite consistent across different age groups."
C) "Both pathologic conditions and age-related changes influence sleep efficiency."
D) "Older adults often experience increased sleep latency and decreased numbers of awakenings."
Ans: C
Age-related changes and pathologic conditions together contribute to the decreased sleep efficiency associated with older age. Sleep efficiency tends to decrease, not increase, with increasing age and is not generally consistent with that of younger people. Older adults tend to experience both increased sleep latency (time required to fall asleep) and increased numbers of awakenings during the night.
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