What is a major problem with simple random sampling?
A) The researcher needs a list of all the members of a population, which is difficult to obtain for a large population.
B) The researcher needs to contact all the people in the population, which would be difficult for a large population.
C) The sample usually over-represents certain segments of the population.
D) There is a systematic bias that leads to persons with certain characteristics having a higher probability of being selected.
Answer: A
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What kind of electoral system does the Russian Duma use?
a. proportional representation b. single-member districts with simple plurality c. mixed-member d. appointment with electoral referendum after 2 years
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. In majoritarian systems, candidates must win 50 percent plus one of the votes to be elected. 2. Democratic regimes have no problems with stimulating and channeling participation. 3. Formal legal mechanisms that translate votes into control over political offices and shares of votes are called electoral systems. 4. A system in which each geographical district elects a single representative to a legislature is called proportional representation.
Which of the following is not a weakness in the use of analogical reasoning to make foreign policy decisions?
a. Policymakers assume that two situations are similar because of one characteristic, when in reality they are very different and the same policy cannot be applied to both situations. b. It is often difficult to identify the presence of false analogies before policy is implemented. c. Policymakers may apply analogies to suit their own ideological biases. d. Analogies give policymakers guidelines for understanding a new situation, as well as suggesting possible options for resolving the crisis based on past experience.
“Cohabitation” in the French semipresidential system refers to
a. having two executives: a president and a prime minister b. a cabinet with representatives of different political parties c. instances in which the president and prime minister are from different parties d. the embedding of national political systems in an international system