List the signs and symptoms of benzodiazepine toxicity and the appropriate treatment for this condition
What will be an ideal response?
Signs and symptoms:
• Lethargy
• Slurred speech
• Ataxia
• Mental confusion
• Hypotension
• Coma
• Respiratory arrest
Treatment:
• Contact EMS
• Supine position
• BLS
• Administer O2 4–6 liters/minute
• Monitor vital signs frequently
• External warming measures
Person Responsibility
Person 1
Stays with patient; performs appropriate emergency treatment
Person 2
Assists P1; takes vital signs and administers oxygen, records events and time of medication delivery
Person 3
Retrieves emergency kit; prepares emergency drugs
Office receptionist
Makes necessary phone calls
ASA Classification
Patient Characteristics
Examples of Conditions
ASA I
Normal healthy patient
Can walk up two flights of stairs or walk two city blocks without shortness of breath
ASA II
Mild systemic disease
Can walk up one flight of stairs or two level city blocks, but may have shortness of breath when walk completed
Adult onset diabetes
Epilepsy
Blood pressure greater than 140/90
Uncontrolled asthma
Severe allergies
Pregnancy
ASA Classification
Patient Characteristics
Examples of Conditions
ASA III
Severe systemic disease that limits activity, but not incapacitating
Able to walk up one flight of stairs or one city block, but may have to stop during the walk due to shortness of breath
Unstable angina
MI longer than six months ago
Well-controlled Type I diabetes
Heart failure
Blood pressure greater than 160/95
ASA IV
Incapacitating systemic disease that is a constant threat to life
Unable to walk up a single flight of stairs or one city block and may have shortness of breath or respiratory distress at rest
MI within past six months
Unstable angina
Heart failure
Uncontrolled diabetes
Uncontrolled epilepsy
Blood pressure greater than 200/115
ASA V
Moribund patient not expected to survive 24 hours with or without operation
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