For Joan's doctoral dissertation experiment, 15 wheelchair users were randomly assigned to three groups with 5 in each group. These participants navigated in virtual-reality settings. Group 1 participants were in the virtual-reality setting (a building) as wheelchair users. Group 2 participants were in the virtual-reality setting in a wheelchair pushed by a walking person. Group 3 participants
walked without aid in the virtual-reality setting. Joan measured the time each participant needed to complete the navigation of the virtual-reality setting. What are the dependent and independent variables?
a. Independent = wheelchair use; dependent = virtual-reality condition
b. Independent = wheelchair use; dependent = time needed
c. Independent = time needed; dependent = virtual-reality condition
d. Independent = virtual-reality condition; dependent = time needed
D
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Which situation best illustrates Beck's concept of overgeneralization in depressives? a. When it rains on the day of the picnic, the host feels he should have scheduled it for another day
b. Despite feeling great anger at his mother, a boy yells at himself. c. When a girl is complimented on her hair, she assumes that the person who complimented her was just showing pity for her. d. A man burns the toast one morning at breakfast and concludes that he is a worthless father and husband.
Classroom teachers generally prefer age and percentile norms to standard score norms
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
When the fight-or-flight response is triggered repeatedly in response to perceived dangers—that is, daily stressors, rather than an isolated incident of danger—what problem results?
a) The parasympathetic nervous system becomes overactive. b) We become immune to the effects of stress. c) Stress leads directly to the development of cancer. d) Our bodies never get a chance to return fully to homeostasis.
According to the approach which organizes emotions using hierarchy, which of the following is derived from a negative emotion?
A. contentment B. pride C. infatuation D. guilt