For which type of leukemia has imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) proven most effective?
A. Acute lymphocytic leukemia that has normal chromosomes
B. Acute myelogenous leukemia that has abnormal chromosomes
C. Chronic myelogenous leukemia that is Philadelphia chromosome–positive
D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia that is Philadelphia chromosome–negative
C
Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) is targeted therapy for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) that is Philadelphia chromosome–positive. This drug prevents the activation of an enzyme (tyrosine ki-nase) needed for the growth of CML cells that overexpress the abl oncogene. This expression is associated with the presence of one or more Philadelphia chromosomes in the leukemia cells.
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You are caring for a patient with a history of chronic angina. The patient tells you that after breakfast he usually takes a shower and shaves. It is at this time, the patient says, that he tends to experience chest pain
What might you counsel the patient to do to decrease the likelihood of angina in the morning? A) Shower in the evening and shave before breakfast. B) Skip breakfast and eat an early lunch. C) Take a nitro tab prior to breakfast. D) Shower once a week and shave prior to breakfast.
A client complains of lower right abdominal pain and nausea, and appendicitis is suspected. Which of the following lab reports would assist in confirming the diagnosis?
a. 5,000/mm3 WBC (white blood cells); 50% neutrophils b. 10,000/mm3 WBC; 75% neutrophils c. 15,000/mm3 WBC; 85% neutrophils d. 2,000/mm3 WBC; 40% neutrophils
Which statement is accurate regarding the resistance of blood flow through vessels?
a. The most important determinant of resistance is vessel diameter. b. Resistance to blood flow is affected the most by vessel length. c. Blood viscosity is the greatest determinant of resistance to blood flow. d. Vessel diameter, vessel length, and blood viscosity are all equal determinants.
A pregnant woman at 25 weeks gestation visits the prenatal clinic for a check-up. She asks the nurse how the baby is able to breathe on his own following childbirth
The nurse explains the factors that influence the initiation of the newborn's first breath including: A) Hypoxia causes blood oxygen levels (pOB) and pH to rise and blood carbon dioxide levels (pCOB) begin to fall and prompt the respiratory center within the medulla to initiate breathing. B) The drastic change in temperature helps to stimulate the initiation of respirations since sensors in the skin respond to the temperature changes and send signals to the respiratory system in the brain. C) Recoil of the chest wall after delivery of the neonate's trunk creates a positive intrathoracic pressure, which facilitates a small, passive inspiration of air. D) A quiet environment with reduced tactile, visual and auditory stimuli aids in the initiation of respirations.