A student is told by his science teacher that toads are not reptiles, as the student had originally thought. The student checks an animal taxonomy (classification) book out of the library in order to determine exactly what toads are, if not reptiles. According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, this student is attempting to

a. increase the disequilibrium caused by his science teacher.
b. reorganize his scheme of animal systems.
c. create a dichotomy in his understanding of animal life.
d. enhance the discrepancy between the old and new perceptions of what it is to be a toad.


B

Education

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