The best target for drug development would be
A. genes that are shared by humans and the organisms causing Chagas disease, African sleeping sickness, and Leishmania.
B. genes that are shared by the organisms causing Chagas disease and African sleeping sickness but not shared by humans or the organisms causing Leishmania.
C. genes that are shared by humans and the organisms causing Chagas disease but not the organisms causing African sleeping sickness or Leishmania.
D. genes that are shared by the organisms causing Chagas disease, African sleeping sickness, and Leishmania but not shared by humans.
Clarify Question
· What is the key concept addressed by the question?
· What type of thinking is required?
· What key words does the question contain and what do they mean?
Gather Content
· What do you already know about drug development?
Consider Possibilities
· What other information is related to the question? Which information is most useful?
Choose Answer
· Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
· Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a more desirable result?
D. genes that are shared by the organisms causing Chagas disease, African sleeping sickness, and Leishmania but not shared by humans.
Clarify Question
· What is the key concept addressed by the question?
o This question addresses drug development.
· What type of thinking is required?
o This question is asking you to weigh and judge, or evaluate, evidence to choose the best of the possible answers.
· What key words does the question contain and what do they mean?
o A target for drug development is a cellular component that the drug will interact with to prevent disease.
o Chagas disease, African sleeping sickness, and Leishmania are all human diseases caused by protozoans transmitted by insects.
Gather Content
· What do you already know about drug development?
o Genome sequences allow pharmaceutical researchers to find suitable drug targets to eliminate pathogens without harming the host.
o This can be especially important for protozoan diseases, since protozoans are more closely related to humans than bacteria.
Consider Possibilities
· What other information is related to the question? Which information is most useful?
o It is crucial that the drug target not be present in humans, or the drug would have bad side effects on the patient.
Choose Answer
· Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most likely to produce the correct answer?
o The ideal drug would be effective on all three pathogens, yet not interact with human genes.
o So the drug should target genes that are shared by the organisms causing Chagas disease, African sleeping sickness, and Leishmania but not shared by humans.
Reflect on Process
· Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a more desirable result?
o This question asked what would be the best targets for a new drug.
o The question required you to weigh and judge, or evaluate, evidence to choose the best of the possible answers.
o Did you recognize that the drug should target the three pathogen genes, but not the human gene?
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