Which statement about the causes of childhood obesity is true?
A. All children are equally at risk for excessive weight gain.
B. Genetic rather than environmental factors put children at risk for obesity.
C. Excessive food intake induces epigenetic modifications in expression of genes affecting metabolism.
D. Children whose parents restrict when, what, and how much they eat are at very low risk for weight gain.
Answer: C
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Which of the following represents the best summary of the current research on child care?
a. Children who have been in child-care programs show consistently better social skills than children cared for primarily at home. b. Children in child-care programs show advanced cognitive development, but they are much less likely to show secure attachment to their mothers than children cared for at home. c. Although attachment seems to be unaffected by child-care programs, cognitive development can be delayed due to the lack of individual attention. d. Many factors—such as quality of program and the families' economic background—seem to influence the effects of child-care programs on children.
Female adolescents may show reduced performance in math when they are
a. subjected to the stereotype that males are better at math than females. b. not interested in perfectionism. c. very relaxed about taking tests. d. given messages by their mothers that math is a field in which girls can excel.
Which neurotransmitter is MOST closely associated with pleasure and motivation?
A) glutamate B) serotonin C) dopamine D) acetylcholine
Cross-sectional and longitudinal data (Colby et al., 1983; Colby & Kohlberg, 1987) show that the dominant form of moral reasoning at age 36 is
a. stage 1. b. stage 2. c. stage 3. d. stage 4.