The Runyon system of classification is based on:
a. colonial and microscopic morphologic characteristics.
b. biochemical characteristics.
c. growth rate and colonial pigmentation.
d. genotypic characteristics.
C
In 1959, Runyon classified nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) into four groups, Runyon groups I through IV, based on the phenotypic characteristics of the various species, most notably the growth rate and colonial pigmentation. This large group of organisms is addressed by first discussing the slow-growing NTM (Runyon groups I to III) and then the rapid-growers (Runyon group IV). One other NTM, M. leprae, which is noncultivable, is also reviewed.
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Darnell and Tinaka are each carriers of an autosomal recessive disorder that is lethal in early childhood. They want to have a child who is free of the disease, so they have preimplantation genetic diagnosis. Unfortunately, their child has the disease. A scientific explanation is that
A) the blastomere that was tested had undergone a somatic mutation, making it not representative of the rest of the embryo. B) Darnell was not really the father. C) the 7 cells of the remaining embryo each underwent a mutation, so the sampled cell was not representative. D) Darnell or Tinaka is really homozygous recessive, and not heterozygous.
One of the objects of desensitization procedures is to
A. Control transplantation rejection B. Increase the level of IgE in the vascular system C. Stimulate the production of interferon D. Destroy immune complexes that may have formed in the blood vessels E. Reduce the number of basophils and mast cells to which IgE attaches
Viruses are not included in the taxonomic scheme proposed by Carl Woese because they lack
A) genetic material. B) ribosomal RNA. C) proteins. D) lipid membranes. E) cytoplasm.
What is a composite transposon, and in what ways can it transpose?
What will be an ideal response?