Mainstream psychology has sought universals (findings applicable to all people). Danziger contested that in the search for universals, psychologists ________.
a. sought universality in aggregate data (not concrete individuals)
b. ignored the influence of social/historical conditions
c. treated lawfulness as statistical, based on populations
d. all of the above
Answer: d. all of the above
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John Calhoun, in the early 1990s, completed research on __________, from which he concluded that future animal research might be helpful in understanding __________.
A. humans; how crowded conditions affect reproductive abnormalities in humans B. mice: how crowded human conditions affect submissiveness C. chimpanzees; aggression in crowded human conditions D. rats; social and personal deviance in crowded human conditions
What would happen if someone dissolved methadone in water and injected it into the blood?
a. It would satisfy the craving for opiates, without producing a rush. b. It would produce effects similar to heroin c. It would produce effects similar to withdrawal from an opiate drug. d. It would have no effect on behavior or experience.
Research shows that an attitude of distrust . . .
a. Can reduce automatic stereotyping of strangers b. Requires less cognitive effort than an attitude of trust c. Both of the above d. None of the above
A bathroom scale is broken and always shows a weight of 150 pounds, no matter who steps on it. As a measure of weight, the broken scale lacks:
A) reliability. B) validity. C) consistency. D) parsimony.