What characteristics of plants allow them to be cloned relatively easily, whereas cloning in animals is rare and difficult to achieve?
What will be an ideal response?
There are several reasons why cloning is easier in plants than in animals. First, plants can be easily propagated through vegetative reproduction. In addition, plant cells are often totipotent, which makes the cloning process much easier because there is no need to "reprogram" the nucleus. Animal cloning can be accomplished through parthenogenesis in rare instances, but is primarily accomplished through reproductive cloning and somatic cell nuclear transfer. This process requires the transfer of a nucleus from a donor cell to a recipient egg, and is often complicated by the incomplete reprogramming of the genome because donor cells are no longer totipotent as in plant cells. Cell differentiation in animals therefore limits the success rate of somatic cell nuclear transfer and the formation of viable organisms from such techniques.
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Indicate whether the statement is true or false
The internal pH of most cells is near neutral. This allows
a. water to break down into H+ and OH-. b. enzymes within the cells to act at peak efficiency. c. the buffers produced within the body to affect these cells. d. enzymes outside of these cells to function. e. rapid fluctuations between acidic and basic conditions within the cells.
The genotype for a pea plant that is homozygous recessive for both height and pea color would be:
a. tt. b. YY. c. TtYy. d. ttyy. e. TTYY
Normally, a certain enzyme has maximum activity at 37°C, but once it has been heated to 100°C and then cooled back down to 37°C, the enzyme is no longer active. Why?
What will be an ideal response?