In aerobic respiration, chemiosmotic generation of ATP is driven by:
A. Pi transfer through the plasma membrane.
B. a difference in H+ concentration on the two sides of the inner mitochondrial membrane.
C. large quantities of ADP.
D. osmosis of macromolecules.
E. the Na+/K+ pump.
Answer: B
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Which of the following are produced by roots in order to increase surface area, allowing for greater access to nutrients in the soil?
A. root hairs B. root nodules C. root parenchyma D. root Casparian strips
Some environmental scientists think that global warming will lead to an even greater increase in the amounts of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This would most likely be due to
a. increased use of air conditioners. b. developing nations maturing into developed nations, thereby increasing use of fossil fuels. c. more people driving to cooler regions to escape the heat. d. decreases in the protective ozone layer surrounding the Earth. e. melting of the polar ice caps and thawing of large regions of permafrost.
Nucleases are enzymes that degrade mRNA. In order for nuclease to overcome the inherent protections in mRNA that prevent its degradation, nucleases must use (Select all that apply.)A) 5' decapping enzymes.B) A and U sites that promote removal of the poly A tails.C) C and G recognition sites that activate removal of poly A tails.D) 3' end recognition sites that initiate quick degradation.E) 3' cap and poly A tail sites that activate degradation.
What will be an ideal response?
Eukaryotic cells may contain all of the following except:
A) photosynthetic pigments. B) flagella. C) a peptidoglycan cell wall. D) ribosomes. E) a membrane-bound nucleus.