According to Carneiro's theory of environmental and social circumscription, which of the following situations would be likely to give rise to civilization?
a. Neolithic villagers first began to expand into the vast interior of central Europe and encountered hostile tribes.
b. Settlers moved along the Rhone and Rhine, made it to the western coast of Europe, and found themselveshemmed in by the
sea and other settlements that had been established.
c. Seafaring peoples began to populate the Pacific islands.
d. Paleolithic food foragers first entered the New World.
e. Neandertal coexisted for years in Europe with H. sapiens and fought over resources.
b
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There is a skewed sex ratio in the adult population in India and China today
a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false
A(n) __________ is a variation in the way languages are pronounced
a. accent b. dialect c. pidgin d. creole
Pastoralists tend to be __________ egalitarian than foraging societies in their division of labor, because __________
a. more; both men and women tend to the animals b. less; men and boys typically tend to the animals c. more; both sexes perform the same jobs d. less; women do not take part in subsistence strategies at all
Which of the following is not a common applied field method?
a. urban action assessment b. focus groups c. rapid ethnographic assessment d. participatory action research e. surveys