Basically, what occurs in the countercurrent multiplier process?
A) Sodium is pumped into the blood while potassium is actively transported out of the blood back into the tissues.
B) A higher sodium concentration is produced in the renal medulla that osmotically draws out water, reducing it within the tubules and the urine.
C) Glucose and sodium are cotransported from urine back into blood.
D) Creatinine is actively transported out of the blood into urine.
E) Uric acid is excreted into the kidney tubules while urea is reabsorbed in the nephron loop.
B
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Name the ion that commonly serves as a cofactor for intracellular enzymes, such as the sodium-potassium pump.
A. Hydrogen B. Magnesium C. Calcium D. Phosphate E. Carbonate
What controls the passage of chyme from the last region of the stomach to the duodenum region of the small intestine?
A) gastroesophageal sphincter B) lower esophageal sphincter C) pyloric sphincter D) ileocecal valve
Write a teleological explanation for why heart rate increases during exercise. Now write a mechanistic explanation for the same phenomenon.
What will be an ideal response?
In males and females, the process of arousal is under the control of
A) the parasympathetic nervous system. B) the sympathetic nervous system. C) both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. D) the central and sympathetic nervous systems. E) the central nervous system only.