The renal system has several major functions in the body. What are they? (Select all that apply.)
A) Acting as a diuretic for the body
B) Clearing nitrogenous wastes from protein metabolism
C) Regulating red blood cell production
D) Regulating blood pressure
E) Concentrating urine
B, C, D, E
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Maintaining the volume and composition of body fluids within normal ranges includes clearing nitrogenous wastes from protein metabolism; maintaining acid–base balance and electrolyte levels; excreting various drugs and drug metabolites; regulating vitamin D activation, which helps to maintain and regulate calcium levels; regulating blood pressure through the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system; and regulating red blood cell production through the production and secretion of erythropoietin. The renal system does not act as a diuretic.
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