Vasopressin
a. can completely halt urine production during periods of water deprivation to conserve water for the body.
b. activates the cyclic AMP second-messenger system within the tubular cells.
c. renders the distal and collecting tubules impermeable to water.
d. increases Na+ reabsorption by the distal portions of the nephron.
e. stimulates the active salt pump of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle to establish the medullary vertical osmotic gradient.
B
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You have damaged your knee playing soccer, specifically the cartilage structure between the bones called the meniscus, and no tissue other than the cartilage has been damaged. Your doctor tells you that it will be many months before you might be able to return to soccer after surgery. What is the best explanation for this?
A) Bone has to re-grow in the area, and that takes a while. B) Nerves to the knee have been damaged. C) There is slow healing because of a normal lack of blood supply to cartilage. D) Excessive inflammation inactivates the knee mobility for many months. E) Blood vessels have been destroyed, so the cartilage is not receiving enough nutrients. Answer: C
The first place in which mechanical processing of food takes place is the
A) oral cavity. B) esophagus. C) stomach. D) large intestine. E) small intestine.
Which of the following does not increase stability?
A. lower the COG B. increase size of base of support C. decrease mass D. increase friction
Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1. Most of the chemical digestion that occurs in the small intestine occurs in the duodenum. 2. One of the functions of the liver is to produce bile. 3. The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile. 4. Bile digests fat to glycerol and fatty acids and helps remove cholesterol from the body. 5. The hormone gastrin causes the contraction of the walls of the gallbladder and forces bile into the small intestine.