A NANDA nursing diagnosis that could be appropriate for an older adult with a marked hearing impairment is: Select all that apply
a. Fear
b. Social Interaction Impaired
c. Confusion (Chronic)
d. Risk for Injury
e. Self Esteem Disturbance
ANS: A, B, D, E
Hearing loss diminishes quality of life and is associated with multiple negative outcomes including depression, loss of self-esteem, safety risks, and increased feelings of isolation. It also may cause older adults to become suspicious or distrustful, or to display feelings of par-anoia. Because older persons with a hearing loss may not understand or respond appropri-ately to conversation, they may be inappropriately diagnosed with dementia.
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