Explain five ways that various hormones can affect behavior, moods, and personality
What will be an ideal response
Answers will include descriptions of any five of the following examples: (1) Hormone output from the adrenal glands rises during stressful situations. (2) Androgens ("male" hormones) are related to the sex drive in both males and females. (3) Hormones secreted during times of high emotion intensify memory formation. (4) At least some of the emotional turmoil of adolescence is due to elevated hormone levels. (5) Different hormones prevail when you are angry rather than fearful, for example norepinephrine is linked with anger, while epinephrine is associated with fear. (6) Pregnancy and motherhood cause the release of hormones that lead to the changes involved in maternal behavior. (7) Oxytocin, an important hormone released by the pituitary, plays a broad role in regulating many behaviors generally involved in happiness. These include pregnancy, parenthood, sexual activity, social bonding, trust, and even reducing stress reactions. (8) A person suffering from hyperthyroidism (an overactive thyroid) tends to be tense, excitable, and nervous, while an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism) in an adult can cause inactivity, sleepiness, slowness, and depression. In infancy, hypothyroidism limits development of the nervous system, leading to severe intellectual disability. (9) Even disturbing personality patterns may be linked to hormonal irregularities.
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