Proposals that newsmakers disclose to gauge the public’s reaction are called

a. trial balloons.
b. civic journalism.
c. framing.
d. priming.
e. agendas.


ANS: A

Political Science

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Which of the following is NOT true of the current Supreme Court standards dealing with affirmative action?

A) Any quota system created by state or local governments is subject to strict scrutiny. B) When proving there has been discrimination, it is not enough to show that there is statistical unrepresentation. C) Using racial preferencing is permitted equally in hiring and laying off workers. D) Racial preferences used by state or local governments need to first show they are correcting an actual pattern of discrimination. E) Quotas or preference systems created by federal law will be given greater deference.

Political Science

According to a study by the Center for Responsive Politics, what was roughly the amount spent on lobbying per hour that Congress was in session?

A. more than $1 billion B. more than $10,000 C. more than $10 million D. more than $100,000 E. more than $1 million

Political Science

Which of the following approaches is NOT one of the four general influence strategies used by interest groups?

a. Access-to-power c. Coalition-building b. Bureaucratic insider d. Grassroots mobilization

Political Science

Page numbers must be provided for direct quotes

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Political Science