Which species of protist most closely resembles the organism in this illustration?
a. Paramecium
b. Euglena
c. Amoeba
d. A. linnaei
c. Amoeba
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In bacterial and archaeal cells, the electron transport chain is located in the ________ whereas in eukaryotic cells, the electron transport chain is located in the ________.
A. inner mitochondrial membrane; plasma membrane B. plasma membrane; outer mitochondrial membrane C. plasma membrane; mitochondrial matrix D. inner mitochondrial membrane; outer mitochondrial membrane E. plasma membrane; inner mitochondrial membrane
Which of the following is a possible use for gene cloning?
A. Cloned genes can be introduced into bacteria or livestock to make pharmaceutical products such as insulin. B. Cloned genes can be introduced into plants and animals to alter their traits. C. Cloned genes can be used to treat diseases. D. Large amounts of protein can be produced to study structure and function. E. All of the choices are correct.
According to one hypothesis, the first eukaryotic cells originated by
A. spontaneous generation. B. biogenesis. C. endosymbiosis. D. mitosis.
Phospholipids assemble spontaneously into bilayers driven by the attraction of their "tail" portions to each other and of their "head" portions to each other. The "head" portions are:
A) hydrophobic. B) composed of carbon-hydrogen chains. C) hydrophilic. D) nonpolar. E) directed away from intra- and extracellular fluid.