In his classic 1969 book, Black in Blue, Nicholas Alex pointed out that African American officers of the time suffered from what he called ____________________.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).


double marginality

Criminal Justice

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Where are youth who are being held pending a hearing in juvenile court likely to be placed?

A) Group home B) Detention center C) Training school D) Boot camp

Criminal Justice

Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)

1. A minimum security-level prison is designed to house serious and violent offenders. Inmate movement and autonomy is significantly restricted, and inmates are often a risk to themselves, other inmates and staff. 2. Many minimum-level facilities have limited or no fencing around the perimeter of the institution. 3. Dynamic risk factors are characteristics or situations involving the offender than cannot change. 4. Risk assessment tools help reduce bias by eliminating extralegal factors, such as race or gender, from consideration in the determination of risk 5. Racial disproportionality occurs when inmates of color are overrepresented in the prison population, compared to their representation in society in general.

Criminal Justice

The form of police oversight in the shape of a police auditor emerged during which decade?

a. 1960s b. 1970s c. 1980s d. 1990s

Criminal Justice

The infiltration of business or government includes all of the following types of crime except:

A) bribery. B) extortion. C) money laundering. D) drug trafficking. E) ?fraud.

Criminal Justice