What is intellectual disability? What are the biological factors that can lead to the development of this disorder?
What will be an ideal response?
Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses:
vIntellectual disability-defined as significantly subaverage intellectual functioning; diagnosis requires that a child show deficits relative to his or her age group in at least two of the following domains: language and communication, self-care, and social interaction; often have problems with motor skills, such as eye-hand coordination and balance
? Genetic factors-phenylketonuria (PKU), Tay-Sachs disease, Down syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, trisomy 13, trisomy 18
? Brain damage-prenatal exposure to rubella virus, herpes virus, or syphilis, high blood pressure and diabetes could cause intellectual disability; fetal alcohol syndrome, shaken baby syndrome, toxic substances such as lead, arsenic, and mercury
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The self or self-concept is the central focus of
a. Roger's person-centered theory. b. Maslow's theory of self-actualization. c. Adler's individual psychology. d. Bandura's social-cognitive theory.
The actor-observer bias suggests that we ____.?
a. ?are more aware of the situational explanations of our own behavior than we are for the behavior of others b. ?are more likely to make trait attributions than situational attributions for our own behavior c. ?have a tendency to take credit for good things and blame something else for bad things d. ?have a tendency to think that we are unique compared to other people
Why might visual acuity in the newborn be poor?
a. It is perfect in the newborn unless there are problems. b. It is a muscular ability that improves with practice. c. The neonate's eyes are extremely light sensitive. d. They have not yet developed tracking ability.
__________ is useful for jobs requiring creativity but could lead to dissatisfaction and poor performance in jobs comprising routine tasks.
A. Openness to experience B. Agreeableness C. Extraversion D. Conscientiousness