Which of the following populations are considered high risk for the development of hemorrhoids? Select all that apply

a. Pregnant women
b. School bus drivers
c. Marathon runners
d. Intensive care unit nurses


A, B
Hemorrhoids are distended blood vessels within or protruding from the anus. The anus is highly vascular. Chronic pressure on the veins within the anal canal, as with prolonged sitting, retained feces, pregnancy, and obesity, can cause hemorrhoids. In this item, pregnant women and school bus drivers (sedentary) are at risk. Marathon runners are usually thin and are not in the risk group. There is no evidence to support any nursing group is high risk for hemorrhoids unless the nurse position is sedentary.

Nursing

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