How long is it estimated to take the ocean's volume of water to circulate through the oceanic crust at spreading centers?
A) 1 million years
B) 10 million years
C) 100 million years
D) None of these choices
B
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Earth's first atmosphere (approximately 4.6 billion years ago) was most likely composed of ____
A) nitrogen and oxygen B) hydrogen and helium C) carbon dioxide and nitrogen D) oxygen and carbon dioxide
A shield volcano is typically andesitic in composition
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
What is coral bleaching? List the environmental conditions that contribute to the development of coral bleaching
What will be an ideal response?
Keeling's reports from Mauna Loa demonstrated ________
A) that as distances from cities decreased, CO2 concentrations increased B) that CO2 levels have been stable over the last 40 years C) that sediments deposited on the seafloor can yield clues about past climates D) the presence of El Niño E) an increase in tropospheric CO2 from the 1950s to present