Which means of regulating acid-base balance acts most rapidly?
a. respiratory compensatory mechanism
b. extracellular fluid buffer system
c. renal mechanism
d. all act at the same speed
B
The extracellular buffer system reacts within a fraction of a second to prevent excessive changes in the hydrogen ion concentration. It takes the respiratory regulatory mechanism several minutes to respond to changes in carbon dioxide concentration. The renal mechanism corrects acid-base imbalances over hours to days.
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