Because S.R.'s stone has been reported as calcium oxalate, she is referred to a registered
dietitian for guidance on a diet that will prevent further development of stones.
Which
statements are true regarding recommendations for S.R.'s diet? Select all that apply.
a. Decrease animal protein intake.
b. Avoid eating organ meats, poultry, fish, gravies, red wine, and sardines.
c. Avoid spinach, black tea, coffee, rhubarb, chocolate, beets, asparagus, and nuts.
d. Decrease sodium intake.
e. Drink at least 3 to 4 liters of water each day.
c, d, e
Decreasing sodium intake is helpful for those with calcium oxalate stones because high sodium
intake reduces renal tubular reabsorption of calcium. Oxalates are found in foods such as spinach,
black tea, coffee, and so on, as listed. High fluid intake keeps the urinary system flushed and
helps prevent stone formation. Decreasing animal protein intake is recommended for those with
uric acid or cystine stones. Avoiding organ meats, poultry, fish, gravies, red wine, and sardines is
recommended for those with uric acid stones.
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