Crackdowns are sudden changes in police activity designed to lower crime rates through an increase in the communicated threat or certainty of punishment. What does research indicate about the effectiveness of crackdowns?
A) ?Merely saturating an area with police deters crime.
B) ?Crackdowns initially deter crime, but the effect soon wears off after the high-intensity police activity ends.
C) ?Crackdowns are ineffective when coupled with aggressive problem-solving and community-improvement techniques.
D) ?Crackdowns initially do not work but later lead to a long-term decrease in crime
B
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What is meant by the term "plug and play"?
a. The computer can be turned on and almost instantly ready for use. b. Media such as music CDs or DVDs can be put in the system and accessed immediately to play the sounds or movies. c. Media devices such as IPODs can be plugged into the computer to play music through the computer's speakers or download music files from services such as ITunes. d. Hardware devices can be added and initialized on the fly without having to reboot the computer.
The ______study was used to support the arguments in the McCleskey case.
A.Brown B.Smith C.Jones D.Baldus
The most common form of discrimination in minority neighborhoods is ______ harassment.
a. psychological b. occupational c. sexual d. recreational
Social learning suggests that crime may be the consequence of:
a. society teaching individuals that goals should be attained regardless of the means by which they are attained; b. learning through imitation of criminal peers and reinforcement via attained goals/not getting caught leads to further criminal behaviour;* c. society values status over morality; d. working towards a goal is an aberration, theft is easier.