Cells that have undergone a response that causes them to enter a permanent state of growth arrest, like those that comprise a mole are said to have entered a state called
a) adolescence
b) senescence
c) pubescence
d) bellioscosity
Ans: b) senescence
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Where do the molecules used as the inputs of the Calvin cycles (ATP and NADPH) come from?
A. They come from previous Calvin cycles. B. They come from the air. C. They come from the light reactions. D. They come from the sun.
Reddish-purple coloring of leaves, especially along the margins of young leaves, is a typical symptom of deficiency of which element?
A) C B) Mg2+ C) N D) P E) K+
Why would it be important for the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion test to use a standard concentration (number of cells in the sample) of each of the bacterial strains being tested?
A. Antibiotics only work within a narrow range of cell concentrations. If you use a concentration that is too low or too high, you will get inaccurate measurements of the zone of inhibition. B. Antibiotic resistance is usually only manifested by bacteria that have achieved a very high concentration (i.e., they are in the very end of the stationary phase of the growth curve). It's important to use bacteria specifically at this particular point for disc diffusion testing. C. If you were to use one strain that was stationary phase (high concentration, replicating very slowly or not at all), and another strain that was just beginning log phase (low concentration but replicating quickly), you could see dramatically different results in the disc diffusion test. This could skew your interpretations of resistance/susceptibility. D. Growth on the Mueller-Hinton agar plates utilized is very sensitive to the phase of the growth curve the bacteria are in when they are placed on the plate. If they are not in the log phase when they are placed on the plate, they will not grow and the test will be worthless.
In both nematodes and flatworms, wastes are removed by _______.
a. circulation b. osmosis c. diffusion d. respiration