Ivan Pavlov discovered __________
A) observational learning
B) classical conditioning
C) the ego’s positive contributions to development
D) the clinical method
Answer: B
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What the receiver actually hears refers to ____ of the message; how this information is interpreted refers to ____ of the message
a. reception/encoding b. reception/decoding c. transmission/decoding d. encoding/decoding
Events that cause a stress reaction are referred to as
a. hassles. b. catastrophies. c. eustresses. d. stressors. e. MLEs.
The ______________ means exposure to a stressor continues over a longer period of time and a person is no longer able to adapt to the stressor.
a. HPA axis b. alarm reaction c. stage of resistance d. stage of exhaustion
When there are no objective criteria and we feel uncertain, with whom are we most likely to compare ourselves?
a. anyone who happens to be available as a standard of comparison b. those who are similar to us on the relevant dimension c. those who are different from us on the relevant dimension d those who are slightly better than we are on the relevant dimension