During the assessment of an older patient's integumentary status, the nurse notes small areas of hyperpigmentation on the patient's hands. What should the nurse consider as the cause of this finding?
A. Hyperplasia of melanocytes in sun-exposed areas
B. Decreased blood perfusion of the dermis
C. Redistribution of adipose tissue
D. Reduced vitamin D production
Answer: A
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A child has been diagnosed with sickle cell disease. The parents are unsure how their child contracted the disease. The nurse should explain that the:
1. Mother and the father of the child have the sickle cell trait. 2. Mother of the child has the trait but the father doesn't. 3. Father of the child has the trait but the mother doesn't. 4. Mother of the child has sickle cell disease, but the father doesn't have the disease or the trait.
The nurse is caring for a patient who has a seizure disorder. The nurse notes that the patient has reddened gums that bleed when oral care is given. The nurse recognizes this finding as
a. an adverse effect of the phenytoin. b. a drug interaction with aspirin. c. a symptom of hepatotoxicity. d. a sign of poor self-care.
A client diagnosed with chronic renal failure is prescribed a diet low in protein. The rationale for this diet is that:
1. protein sources are broken down and converted to urea, which is then filtered by the kidney. 2. protein sources are of low biological value. 3. protein increases calcium and sodium levels. 4. deficit protein metabolism breaks down muscle tissue.
Which laboratory test is used to evaluate the degree of damage to the immune system caused by HIV?
A. Platelets B. Liver function studies C. CD4 T-cell count D. Complete blood count