In evolutionary trees, each node represents a(n) _____
a. single lineage
b. extinction
c. point of divergence
d. adaptive radiation
C
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In sexual reproduction in ciliates the sequence of events is
A. (1) In the pair of conjugating cells, the micronuclei undergo mitosis to produce four diploid micronuclei. All but one of these micronuclei disintegrate. (2) The remaining micronucleus undergoes meiosis to produce two. (3) One micronucleus stays in the parent cell and the other moves to the opposite cell while the macronucleus in each cell disintegrates. (4) The cells separate, each with two nuclei. (5) One haploid micronucleus in each cell forms a new haploid macronucleus and the other divides mitotically to form eight new haploid micronuclei. (6) The two haploid macronuclei fuse to form a diploid one and the eight haploid micronuclei fuse by pairs into four diploid micronuclei. B. (1) In each conjugating cell, the micronucleus undergoes meiosis to produce four haploid micronuclei, of which three disintegrate. (2) The remaining micronucleus undergoes mitosis to produce two. (3) One micronucleus stays in the parent cell and the other moves to the opposite cell while the macronucleus in each cell disintegrates. (4) The cells separate, each with two nuclei, one of its own and one from its conjugant. (5) The two haploid micronuclei in each cell fuse to form a diploid micronucleus. (6) The diploid micronucleus divides mitotically, producing four diploid macronuclei and four micronuclei. C. (1) In each conjugating cell, the macronucleus and micronucleus undergo meiosis. One haploid macronucleus and micronucleus disintegrate in each cell. (2) The remaining nuclei undergo mitosis to produce two macronuclei and two micronuclei. (3) One set of nuclei stays in the parent cell and the other moves to the opposite cell. (4) The cells separate, each with two sets of nuclei, one of its own and one from its conjugant. (5) The two haploid micronuclei in each cell fuse to form a diploid micronucleus, and the two macronuclei fuse to form a diploid macronucleus. (6) The diploid nuclei mitotically, producing four diploid macronuclei and four micronuclei.
The plant hormone ____ is generally responsible for long-term inhibition of plant growth such as in buds and seeds
a. auxin b. gibberellin c. oligosaccharin d. brassinosteroid e. abscisic acid
Respond to statements 47–52 in reference to the six organization
terms listed below. a. cell b. organ system c. growth d. organ e. development f. tissue M 47. This term describes the successive stages in the formation of specialized tissues—qualitative. M 48. This is a collection of tissues specialized for common function. M 49. The vertebrate circulatory system is a good example. D 50. Here cells are working together for a specialized function. D 51. This is a quantitative term describing an increase in cell numbers. E 52. This is the smallest unit of life.
A process of making exact copies of the cells of animals such as cats in the laboratory is technically known as
A. somatic cell nuclear transfer. B. artificial insemination. C. in vitro fertilization. D. co-mingling.