An elderly patient has developed Clostridium difficile-related diarrhea, a problem that has led to dehydration and hypokalemia
The increased peristalsis that characterizes diarrhea has the potential to cause fluid volume deficit and electrolyte deficits because:
A) Increased peristalsis diverts energy away from the absorptive activities of the small intestine.
B) Increased peristalsis creates increased metabolic demand, which in turn depletes fluid and electrolyte reserves.
C) An increase in peristalsis means that the colon cannot absorb the substances that it normally absorbs.
D) An increase in peristalsis reduces the normal surface area of the villi and microvilli in the colon.
C
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Intravascular hypovolemia may be assessed upon a patient's return to ICU postsurgery. Clinical findings would be manifested in
A) decreased central venous pressure. B) increased pulmonary arterial diastolic pressure. C) increased pulmonary wedge pressure. D) an increase in arterial pressure.
Which herbal supplement(s) when taken with an anticoagulant increases the effectiveness of the medication and should be avoided during anticoagulant therapy? (Select all that apply.)
a. Chamomile b. Garlic c. Ginkgo d. Hawthorn e. Ginseng f. Green tea
A client with metastatic breast cancer experiences severe nausea following each administration of chemotherapy. Which action should the nurse take to help this client avoid nausea?
a. Schedule chemotherapy administration for bedtime b. Provide full meals with liquids when nausea is not present c. Administer prescribed antiemetics 1 hour before the treatments d. Offer dry crackers and carbonated fluids immediately following the treatments
Identify the mechanisms involved in acid–base balance. Select all that apply
a. Respiratory mechanisms b. Active transport mechanisms c. Renal mechanisms d. Buffer systems